The town shares borders with Sungei Kadut to the north, Tengah to the southwest, Bukit Batok to the southeast, Bukit Panjang to the east and the Western Water Catchment to the west. Choa Chu Kang New Town is separated into two portions by the Kranji Expressway.
The town comprises seven subzones, four of which are the most densely populated: Choa Chu Kang Central, Choa Chu Kang North, Yew Tee and Teck Whye.